Cayeron mal en México las
palabras del papa Francisco sobre que “ojalá estemos a tiempo de evitar la
mexicanización”, refiriéndose al avance violento del narcotráfico en Argentina.
El gobierno de Enrique Peña Nieto las consideró una estigmatización injusta.
Años atrás el mismo dolor
sintió el gobierno de Colombia cuando el periodismo internacional temía la “colombianización”
de México, advirtiendo que la violencia de los carteles de Cali y Medellín se
estaba expandiendo a Guerrero y Tamaulipas. Cuarenta mil asesinatos de
mexicanos después, aquella estigmatización solo fue un crudo diagnóstico.
Los prejuicios y
comparaciones duelen por odiosas, pero no se puede desconocer la realidad. Aún
más, el papa Francisco hubiera acertado si se refería a toda Latinoamérica y no
solo a Argentina, ya que el narcotráfico ha convertido al continente en el más
letal del mundo.
Francisco, en realidad, solo
citaba el “terror” que los obispos mexicanos dicen se vive en su país cada vez
más infiltrado por el narcotráfico, y que se ha apoderado de todos los sectores
y estratos, así como lo estuvo Colombia cuando las mafias dominaban, compraban conciencias,
elecciones y asientos en congresos, tribunales y alcaldías. Pablo Escobar fue
capo y diputado, y jefes de carteles de menor o mayor calibre que él, lamentablemente
hoy forman parte de los poderes públicos de muchos países latinoamericanos.
El problema es que muchos se
han acostumbrado a que el narco sea parte del paisaje; está institucionalizado.
Por ello las denuncias contra el presidente del Congreso de Venezuela, Diosdado
Cabello, de que sería el jefe del cartel de los Soles no causaron más que
algunos titulares de ocasión.
Denuncias graves parecidas
en Bolivia y Perú o sobre elecciones financiadas por el narco en Ecuador,
también pasaron desapercibidas. Es que el narco se ha extendido y arraigado en
el sistema y creado tácticas de autoprotección. Por eso en ese laberinto de la
narcopolítica pocos se atreven a denunciar, y los que lo hacen, políticos,
fiscales y periodistas, terminan asesinados y sus crímenes en total impunidad.
Un caso pavoroso que
describe esta narcopolítica ocurrió en Paraguay. Se sabía que el epicentro
mafioso estaba en Ciudad del Este, pero de tanta inacción del Estado, el narco
fue corrompiendo otras zonas de la política nacional. De ejemplo sirve el asesinato
del periodista Pablo Medina en octubre pasado, que después de denunciar a un
alcalde por narcotraficante, le descerrajaron a tiros la cabeza. Tras
determinar que el alcalde era el autor intelectual, la policía requisó de su
domicilio toneladas de marihuana, parte de ella camuflada en una ambulancia del
hospital público que usaba para distribuirla. Finalmente el alcalde escapó,
protegido por policías y otras autoridades que acostumbraban a recibir bonos y
beneficios.
No todo son batallas
perdidas. El gobierno mexicano viene gastando mucho presupuesto y aportando muchas
víctimas contra el narcotráfico, y sin ello la realidad podría ser más oscura. Colombia
también se alió al gobierno de EEUU que, admitiendo culpas por generar la mayor
demanda de drogas, aportó millones que sirvieron para sanear en parte la política
y que el tráfico de drogas quede circunscripto al accionar de guerrilleros y
paramilitares.
En este contexto, se avecina
ahora el mayor reto de los colombianos para desprenderse aún más de su pasado. Si
el proceso de paz entre el gobierno y las FARC se concreta, no hay dudas que
los guerrilleros dejarán las armas y se insertarán en la vida política, pero habrá
que ver en que manos quedará el negocio millonario del narcotráfico que les ha
permitido costear por décadas su ideología.
Medellín es claro ejemplo de
batallas ganadas. Después de ser la ciudad más violenta del mundo en la época
de Escobar, se ha transformado en capital de la innovación y la tecnología al
provecho de sus ciudadanos. Y hoy poco les importa que su pasado siga creando
estigmatizaciones y que a la ciudad de Rosario se la conozca como la “Medellín
argentina”.
Es entendible que se le reclame a Francisco por
la estigmatización incómoda creada entre mexicanos y argentinos. Pero sería una
pena que ambos gobiernos se ensañen contra el mensajero, en vez de actuar en
contra del narcotráfico.
26 comentarios:
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